Elastic-fluid turbine



O. JUNGGHEN. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE. APPLICATION man MAY 9. 1919.

Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

we a UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OSCAR JUNGGREN, OF SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 17', 1920.

. Application filed May 9, 1919. Serial No. 295,857.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OsoAR JUNGGREN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The present invention relates to elasticfluid turbines, particularly steam turbines, and has for its object to provide an improved arrangement for effecting the thorough removal from the casing of water of condensation. 4

I have found that particularly in the low pressure stages of a turbine water of condensation may occur in considerable quantities and that it causes erosion of the turbine buckets. I have also found that the greater portion of the erosion occurs at the outer ends of the buckets, there being little or no sign of it at the roots of the buckets. This indicates that the water of condensation, due to centrifugal force, tends to collect at the outer ends of the buckets, and more particularly the object of my invention is to provide an improved arrangement which will collect this water and direct it to a conduit or conduits leading to the outside of the turbine casing.

According to my invention I provide in the turbine casing and in connection with each ring of buckets from which water is to be removed, a water collecting chamber which will usually extend entirely around the casing, and I connect this chamber with the space adjacent the outer ends of the buckets by means of a flared groove which provides a sloping wall extending from the exit edges of the buckets to the water collecting chamber for conveying water to the collecting chamber. I have found that the water can be most effectively and completely collected just after it issues from the exit edges of the buckets and before it enters the next set of nozzles or intermediates and that it is important that the sloping wall be positioned to catch the water at this point and direct it to the collecting chamber. However, my arrangement is such that I collect water at the inlet edges of the buckets also and direct it to the water collecting chamber.

Preferably I provide water collecting means in connection with each stage of the machine where water is likely to occur, 2'. e.

beginning with the stage where the dew pomt appears or slightly in advance of it. Th s is desirable in order to prevent, as much as possible, accumulation and concentration of moisture in any stage, for even if only a small quantity of water is abstracted from an earlier stage it is beneficial because it prevents such water from doing harm in following stages.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a radial sectional view of a part of a turbine embodying my invention; and Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modified form of the invention.

The invention is applicable to turbines of various types and in the present instance is shown in connection with an impulse turbine. Referring to Fig. 1, 5 indicates a turbine casing, 6 nozzle containing diaphragms dividing it into stages, and 7 bucket wheels located in the respective stages and provided with buckets 8 to which steam is directed by nozzles 9 carried by the diaphragms. In the present instance, the three last wheels of a condensing turbine are shown and .water collecting means is shown in connection with the penultimate and antepenultimate wheels. These may be taken as typical of any wheels of the machine in connection with which it is found desirable to provide water collecting means. Surrounding each of the two next to the last wheels is an annular water collecting chamber 10 here shown as being formed by spacing the periphery of the diaphragm 6 from the adjacent turbine casing wall and leading to this is a flared groove 11 having a sloping wall 12 which leads from a point beyond the exit edges of the buckets. Water leaving the exit edges of the buckets is thrown against wall 12 which directs it radially outward to chamber 10. Water thrown out adjacent the inlet edges of the buckets is also directed by groove 11 to chamber 10. Leading fromthe bottom of chamber 10 are one or more drainage holes 13 to which are connected drainage pipes 1 the connection being made preferably through a nipple 15 having a conical-end to provide'a sump 16 beneath the openingin the nipple for the collection of any sediment so as not to clog the drainage opening. In connection with the last stage I preferably provide a groove 25 with which are connected a number of drain holes 26.

In Fig. 2 is shown a modified arrangement in which the annular groove 18 leading to the annular water collecting chamber 19 is located midway between the inlet and exit edges of the buckets and has two flared Walls 20 and 21 formed on adjacent diaphragms for directing water from the exit and inlet edges of the buckets to chamber 19. Otherwise the arrangement is substantially the same as in Fig. 1.

In any event, it is to be noted that I provide annular grooves extending entirely around the casing and having a flared or sloping wall or Walls so that the water at everypoint around the wheel is directed to the water collecting chamber, and that the sloping wall or walls are so arranged that they serve to collect the moisture as it is thrown out from the wheels.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together With the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but

I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,

1. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a rotor having buckets thereon, a

casing surrounding the rotor, and dia-. phragms in the casing on each side of the rotor, said diaphragms forming with the casing an annular chamber surrounding the rotor and connected to the space adjacent its periphery by a continuous annular groove which is formed between adjacent walls, and an annular sloping wall for directing water to said groove.

2. In an elastic fluid turbine, the. combination of a rotor having buckets thereon, a casing surrounding the rotor, and diaphragms in the casing on each side of the rotor, said diaphragms forming with the casing an annular chamber surrounding the rotor, adjacent diaphragms having walls forming a continuous annular groove which connects the space adjacent the periphery of the rotor to said chamber, and annular sloping walls for directing water to said groove.

3. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a rotor having buckets thereon, a casing surrounding the rotor, diaphragnis in the casing on each side of the rotor, said diaphragms forming with the casing an annular chamber surrounding the rotor, adjacent diaphragms having walls forming a continuous annular groove which connects the space adjacent the periphery of the rotor to said chamber, and annular sloping walls which extend from points beyond the inlet and exit edges of the buckets for directing water to said groove.

In'witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of May, 1919.

. OSCAR JUNGGREN. 

